Green Architecture

Pretrial Release essays

Pretrial Release articles Almost consistently the papers and the TV media print tales about genuine offenses. During the most recent years, the distribution about realities and foundations of sexual guilty parties and kid molesters has developed, and the open intrigue obliges this. For vicious offenses, the pace of rough culpable in itself has been seen as a decent indicator of future culpable, however not really of savagery. Along these lines, I don't accept that some perilous wrongdoers ought to never be conceded pretrial discharge. It would clearly rely upon the conditions of the denounced and the informer. Unfortunately a few informers have been known to lie or are mixed up in the realities. Individuals request security and anticipation frameworks. Other than police nearness or instruction offering youngsters guidance to secure themselves as functional intends to accomplish this, the law accommodates the hypothetical premise to set up disciplines so as to keep wrongdoers from carrying out violations. The administration responds to this open interest by growing new laws concerning the ramifications for genuine offenses and anticipation of sexual wrongdoings. Anticipating whether an individual wrongdoer is probably going to re-irritate has been demonstrated to be absolutely theoretical. A few wrongdoers can utilize their time in jail profitably; many come back to society without perpetrating extra violations. The state should concentrate its assets on recognizing guilty parties needing treatment and giving it, regardless of whether in jail or in the network. The Legislature as of now has definitely expanded sentences for sex wrongdoers. The Constitution secures all Americans, even the individuals who have carried out violations previously. To choose not to see sacred necessities in light of a legitimate concern for imprisoning individuals who we think may be hazardous later on debilitates the assurance for us all and subverts the honesty of the ... <!

Your Guide to Escaping a Debt Trap

Your Guide to Escaping a Debt Trap Your Guide to Escaping a Debt Trap Your Guide to Escaping a Debt TrapBeing deep in debt can feel like youre sinking in quicksand. But hope is not lost! Here are some tips to help you plan your debt trap escape.Life comes at you fast. It seems like only yesterday you received that great new credit card in the mail, and yet here you now sit, suffering the embarrassment of that very same card being declined because you maxed it out. How did this happen?Well, it’s no coincidence that people talk about debt like it’s a trap. When you’re in debt up to your eyeballs, you might as well be sinking into quicksand in the middle of the jungle.Still, that doesn’t mean that you should give up. Just like there’s always a way out of quicksand (probably like a sturdy vine? Or something?) there’s also a way to escape from your debt, no matter how firmly it has you in its grasp.So grab your safari hats, keep your comically oversized butterfly nets at the ready, and check out these ten steps for escaping a dastardly debt trap . Ask for help.This is a good lesson for any situation, not just getting out of debt. Don’t convince yourself that you have to do this all on your own. Seek help from a local nonprofit or a credit counselor. Talk to your friends and family members who are good with money.Heck, you can even to talk to them about helping you directly, either by lending you money or by cosigning for a low-interest loan or credit card.Granted, you should only do this if you are confident you can hold up your end of the bargain. The last thing you want to do is end up with even more debt plus a ruined relationship.Still, the first thing you should do when escaping a debt trap is to ask for help. Trust us.Stop spending money you don’t have.Asking for help might be step one, but it only beats out this step by a razor-thin margin. Before you can start getting out of debt, you first need to stop digging yourself even deeper.Take a look at where you’ve spent money over the past couple months and figure out why you are spending beyond your means.For some, this step will be easy, as the debt they’re carrying will have been from a one-time financial or medical emergency.For others, this will mean making serious adjustments to their lifestyle. If you need to change your spending habits, then go ahead make them, pronto.The sooner you do this, the earlier you’ll get out of debt.Build (and stick to) a budget.Good news, the actions you took in step two have already gotten you started on step three.With a budget, you are going to stop letting your spending rule your life. Instead, you’ll make a plan for where your money is going to go.Take your last three months of expenses and put it into an Excel documentâ€"or use one of these handy budgeting apps.Separate your needs from your wants, or things like rent and car payments that you must pay versus things like movie tickets and late-night rideshares that you can cut out.Prioritizing your needs over your wants is the key to a good budge t, especially when you need to pay down excess debt. The more you can put towards savings and debt repayment, the better off you’ll be.Make a debt repayment plan.If you try and pay down your debt without a plan, you are dooming yourself to failure. So don’t do that.Instead, make a plan that is both reasonable and that leaves you some wiggle room in case an unexpected bill emerges. (For more on that, see the next entry.)No matter what kind of plan you make, it can’t rely on you paying only the minimum payments. Your budget needs to carve out room for extra funds.The two best debt repayment plans out there are the Debt Snowball and the Debt Avalanche methods. With both of them, you put all your extra debt repayment funds towards one debt at a time.People will swear by the Debt Avalanche method because it means paying off your highest interest debts first, but that can take a while.The Debt Snowball, on the other hand, focuses on paying off your smallest debt first, which will gi ve you early victories. For many folks, that’s encouragement they’ll sorely need.Build an emergency fund.Throwing all of your money towards debt repayment is all well and good, but it does come with a big downside: If you don’t have any money in savings, you’ll have to take on more debt any time a surprise expense comes your way.The way to avoid that is to simultaneously build an emergency fund. While this might slow down your debt repayments somewhat, the financial security it’ll provide is well worth it.When you make a budget, set aside money from each paycheck that goes right into a savings account. Heck, you can even get money in cash and put it in an envelope under your mattress.These funds are for emergency expenses, so they need be easy to access, but you’ll also have to avoid using them for unnecessary purchases and splurges.Your initial goal with an emergency fund should be $1,000. But really, the ideal size for an emergency fund is six months worth of living ex penses.Pay yourself first.This is a simple but powerful financial lesson. Paying yourself first means putting your long-term financial needs before everything else.In this case, you should figure out how much you want to put into savings and towards debt repayment every month. Once you have those numbers in mind, only then do you turn your attention towards building the rest of your budget.It might sound a little silly, but you’d be surprised what can happen when you change up your financial priorities.You might call this the financial equivalent of the baseball diamond from Field of Dreams: build these savings into your budget, and the money will come.Be careful with debt consolidation.One way to pay down your debt is to consolidate all your different debts into one single loan or credit card with a lower interest rateâ€"or maybe with no interest at all.But debt consolidation comes with dangers all its own, especially with credit cards. Using a zero percent APR offer on a credit card to consolidate your debt can make your debt payments go farther, but what about all those old cards?Closing those cards could actually hurt your credit score, but leaving them open invites a lot of temptation. If you’re not careful, you could end up racking up even more debt. That’s the last thing you need!You need to be very, very careful, and keep those old credit cards in a place where you can’t access them very easily.Increase your income.The faster you can get out of debt, the more money you’ll save in interest and the sooner you’ll be able to put that extra money towards stuff that’s way more fun or productive or both.But unless you want to start hunting local pigeons for food, there’s only so much room that you can carve out of your budget.The only other option, then, is to increase your income! You can do this by taking on a second job or a fruitful side hustle.The one thing you’ll want to watch out for is overwork and burnout, as that can lead you to ma ke emotional splurge purchases.If you aren’t able to swing a side gig, you can look for a better, higher-paying job, or ask your boss for a promotion!Avoid predatory loans.For folks with bad credit, tight budgets and meager savings, emergency expenses often mean taking out a bad credit loan or no credit check loan to make ends meet.This is something you do your best to avoid in general, but especially if you’re trying to pay down your debt.Predatory lenders offering short-term payday loans, cash advances, and title loans with ridiculously high annual interest rates will likely drive you even deeper into the hole.Beyond a simple debt trap, they could leave stuck in a vicious cycle of debt, where you keep making payments without ever getting closer to paying your loan off!If you must take out a bad credit loan, look into a long-term installment loan, as their amortizing interest and more reasonable payments can help keep you on track.Fix your credit score.If you’ve spent years t rapped in debt, the odds are good that your credit score is in the tank. (For reference: A credit score under 630 is considered “bad credit,” but even scores below 670 can seem too dodgy for traditional lenders.)The amount of debt you owe makes up 30 percent of your FICO score, so getting out of debt should help your score immensely. But don’t get overconfident!A better score will help you borrow money with better terms and at lower rates, so order a free copy of your credit report and see where exactly your score can be improved.Here’s a tip: If your years in debt caused any late or missed payments, make sure you make all your payments on time moving forward. The only credit score component more vital than your amounts owed is your payment history.You can also follow these tips to AVOID debt traps altogether.Guess what? It turns out that spending beneath your means, maintaining a budget, and building your savings are all great ways to stay out of debt in the first place! Ju st follow the advice we’ve laid out in this article, and your financial future should be debt-trap free!If you want to read more about managing your finances responsibly,  check out these related posts from OppLoans:How to Responsibly Maximize Your Credit Card RewardsThe (Comprehensive) Couple’s Guide To Budgeting8 Ways To Save Money Today, Tomorrow and Every Day AfterFrom Budget to Baller: 6 Tips to Grow Your MoneyWhat are your best strategies for getting out of debt? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

Movie Review My Biggest Pet Peeves - 1440 Words

One of my biggest pet peeves when it comes to movies is how the ending occurs. Whether it is a happily every after, or a dark turn of events, as long as the flick doesn’t end abrupt I will most likely enjoy it. 12 Angry Men went the other direction. Resulting in a cliffhanger to end without telling the audience whether or not the boy actually did the crime. Compelling, yet thrilling as the director left a big question mark at the end of this film. The jurors in this film each had their own personality and creative background in their lives creating a mess in the juror room. Two distinct jurors popped out to me while watching this film. These two jurors who were more different than each other could ever be reminded me of certain characteristics that I could relate to. Juror number one who was the high school coach with a vary laid back attitude towards the actions of the room was the first juror who I could relate to. Almost immediately you could tell that he had selective list ening engaged during the first 45 minutes into the film. Willing to agree with the majority on the verdict of guilty, juror number one wasn’t going to stand out and vote not-guilty and start the feud, that will come later by juror number 8. After hearing what juror number 8 had to say about his strange vote towards not-guilty, juror number one was only paying attention to the vast majority of guilty voters who stated the obvious facts against the accused. He wasn’t about to listen to some lone random

Essay on Technology and the Negative Effects on Society

Introduction Since the industrial revolution, society has become more and more dependent on technology. So much so that we sometimes lack the willingness to think before we act. We become impatient if it takes more than a few seconds to download a copy of the morning news paper. We expect immediate responses to our email, and we expect someone to answer their cell phone whenever and wherever we call. â€Å"Industrialization resulted in rapid and sustained economic growth and a massive increase in consumer goods. But at the same time, for many people it meant a thoroughly unpleasant work environment.†1 People in today’s society are always looking for ways to improve their lifestyles and in some way help deal with their physical†¦show more content†¦The main concern for man was survival. Survival meant you had to go out into the woods or forests and shoot animals for the food which the family needed in order to eat. People in industrialized societies never think about hunting for food or clothes. Now, it is all brought to people instantly through a new standard of survival. The new standard for survival means making money to go to a mall or supermarket and getting everything a family needs. A family can get food and clothing at these places without ever having to go into a forest or a lake. This thought is ever so frightening. When a person from modern society goes into a supermarket and buys a pound of fish, he or she doesnt even think of the process that went into the arrival of that piece of fish. He or she didnt need to go to a lake, all that was needed was to drive to your local supermarket and buy it. No fishing or hunting was necessary. Society is losing its sense of common purpose. But what effect will this have? I feel we are building virtual communities while our real cities crumble, at least partly because our sense of common purpose has frayed. â€Å"As of December, 2004, more than half of U.S. homes were wired with the high-speed pipeline to the Net. Online audiences are surging (5 million-strong for AOLs Live 8 concert coverage).2 It seems as though we have found a way to escape the unpleasant complications of the world outside our locked doors by optingShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Technology On Society1201 Words   |  5 PagesIn recent discussions of technology in general, a controversial issue whether the social media provide a net good for the society, has raised wide concern. That is due to the fact the technology has developed so fast and affected our society in various aspects, such as the way of communic ation and self-assessment. On the one hand, some argue that technology makes our life easier and more convenient. That is definitely true. For example, we can learn what just happened in the world immediately atRead MoreNegative Effects Of Technology On Society1326 Words   |  6 Pages[their] phones.† - a quote found on social media. Technology has made life easier, more convenient, and even boosted the economy- but has it made humans more alone? Instead of talking to a person that might be two feet in front, humans stare at their phone. Technology, especially social media has impacted society, and not for the better. The crucial, still developing, generation such as children and young adults are impacted negatively. Growth in technology has lead to dependence on devices, a growingRead MoreTechnology s Negative Effect On Society932 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology’s Negative Effect on Society Mankind has had a yearning for knowledge since the dawn of time, causing giant technological leaps. At the dawn of the new millennium technology thrived, and since then, technology has taken our world in a completely different direction than anyone could have imagined. Just like everything else, people have their own opinions and they either like, or dislike what technology has brought into our lives. If we look at the idea of technology from both sides, itRead MoreTechnology and its Negative Effect on Society Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesacross America today. It’s the digital age, technology is booming at such a rapid pace we cannot even wear out our devices before the newer up-to-date models arrive. Technology has negative effects on society, because it is causing our critical thinking and social interaction skills to decline, it is disrupting the American family unit, and it has caused us to become a distracted society that is constantly disrupted from our priorities. Firstly technology is causing a decline in our critical thinkingRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Technology on Society Essay949 Words   |  4 Pages Technology has more negative effects on today’s society than positive. Due to technology in the past few decades Canine Shock Collars have been increasingly popular. Students in school pay more attention to texting than they do their classes. Violent addictive video games have made their way into American homes. Parents encourage their children to not text as much, but them to face the problem of constant communication. The Internet gives the students easier ways to cheat in schoolRead MoreEssay about The Recent Negative Effect Of Technology On Society1731 Words   |  7 Pages The Recent Negative Effect of Technology on Society nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ever since the Industrial revolution, technology has been changing at a fast pace. People are always wanting a better lifestyle therefore there is always something new arising so humans can cope with their physical environment. One of the most important breakthroughs for technology was the agricultural system. The agricultural system was the basis for the technology of the future. The agricultural systemRead MoreEffects Of Technology On Society s Society1246 Words   |  5 Pages Effects of Technology on Society Many years ago, historians believe the future would be an amazing technologically advanced place filled with robots and time traveling. But today no one seems to be shocked by all of the advancements (Negative Effects of Technology). The computers are controlling minds, and humans are acting more as robots than citizens. Over the last few decades, there has been a dramatic improvement in the development and use of technology. Workplaces have goneRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Society1302 Words   |  6 Pages Technology Dominates Society How has technology affected the everyday life of society today? Is society as social as it use to be before everyone had access to an abundance of technology? Many people believe that the answer to those questions are that society is less social and technology has had a negative impact on humans today. As technology progresses bounteously society begins to rapidly decline. The ways society is negatively impacted socially mentally and emotionally will be analyzed. Read MoreThe Overuse of Technology in Our Daily Life Essay1452 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ An Introduction Would that be possible to stay away from our technology’s devices for just a day? The answer for this question will bring a lot of negative answers, and of course if we ask this question in a survey, â€Å"NO† will be the winner of this survey. Talking about the use of technology reminded me one of the sources from my annotated bibliography by Amy Petersen, who is the Theatre and Media Arts Department Chair and Associate Professor in the College of Fine Arts and Communications at BrighamRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pagesworld is increasing very rapidly, and new innovations are coming along each and everyday. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry (Oxford). There is no denying that the impact of technology in the world today is huge, now technology has made it to the palm of our hands with the iPhone and continuing to expand. My generation has grown up on technology so I can’t imagine how my life would be with out it, older people may say it has ruined the

Anthem 2 Free Essays

Mrs. Gomez English 2CP 4, October, 2011 Were the struggles for individuality that Equality and Harrison had to face, as difficult as they thought it was? In the novella Anthem and the short story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron,† Rand and Vonnegut use the theme of individualism vs. collectivism to show the oppression of each society, the fear used to control its citizens and the characters that rebel. We will write a custom essay sample on Anthem 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now In both stories, oppression is used to make everyone equal. The government in Anthem takes away its citizens’ individuality to make a part of the group. In both stories, oppression is used to make everyone equal. â€Å"For the word ‘We’ must never be spoken, save by one’s choice and as a second thought† This shows that the word â€Å"We† was no longer used to describe people. They were their own person. â€Å"We† was determined as â€Å"I†, the word â€Å"we† took away their individuality. To take away their individuality, they assigned people jobs, like street sweeper or doctor, gave them no choices, because they did not let them choose their names or jobs, and put them into groups so they would not be alone. George is athletic, so he wears weights on him that slow him down, also being extremely intelligent, George wears an ear radio that goes off every 20 seconds, and the ballerinas wear masks in the story because they are beautiful. â€Å"Nobody was better looking than anybody else. Nobody was smarter than anybody else. Nobody was or quicker than anybody else. † Nobody was better than anyone else. Everyone was equal. They used handicaps to make everyone the same. The Handicapper General, Diana Moon Glampers, assigns the characters handicaps to make everyone equal in the short story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron†. Harrison fought for his and everyone else’s individuality. Fear was used to control the characters in both societies. The Uncharted Forrest and The Transgressor were used to scare the society in Anthem. The Transgressor was used as an example for all people who thought they could be an individual. The Uncharted Forrest made the society feel like they were trapped. â€Å"We had not thought of coming here, but our legs had carried our wisdom, and our legs had brought us to the Uncharted Forrest against our will. † Equality did not want to be in the Uncharted Forrest because he did not know what was in there. Since the whole society was afraid of the Uncharted Forrest, Equality did not want to be there when he first entered. Diana Moon Glampers filled the society with fear by assigning people handicaps and shooting Harrison and the ballerina. The punishment for taking out the lead balls on the weights was time in jail and a fine of $2000. â€Å"It was then that Diana Moon Glampers, the Handicapper General, came into the studio with a double-barreled ten-gauge shot gun. She fired twice, and the Emperor and Empress were dead before they hit the floor. Diana Moon Glampers loaded the gun again. She aimed it at the musicians and told them they had ten seconds to get their handicaps back on. †After shooting the Emperor and Empress, she tried to scare the musicians by aiming the gun at them. The fear of being shot like the Emperor and Empress scared the other people. Harrison made an example of what not to do because Diana Moon Glampers shot him for disobeying her authority. In both stories, there were characters that rebelled against their society. In Anthem, Equality rebelled against his society by sneaking away. Equality snuck out of the group meetings and created electricity in a tunnel. So when the oldest of them asked us: ‘Where have you been? ’ we thought of our glass box and of our light, and we forgot all else. And we answered: ‘We will not tell you. ’ The oldest did not question us further. † Equality rebelled against the World Council of Scholars and then refused to tell them where he had been. He was not allowed to be alone bec ause being alone brought you closer to being an individual. Harrison Bergeron rebels against the society by escaping from jail. â€Å"’Harrison Bergeron, age fourteen,’ she said in a grackle squawk, ‘has just escaped from jail. Harrison wants to overthrow the government, and show them how to be free and use their talents. He wants individuality for him and everyone else. He escaped from jail and rebelled against the society. In conclusion, Equality and Harrison both faced obstacles when striving for individuality. They both had the urge to be something more than the same as everybody else. In the novella Anthem and the short story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron,† Rand and Vonnegut use the theme of individualism vs. collectivism to show the oppression of each society, the fear used to control its citizens and the characters that rebel. How to cite Anthem 2, Papers

Teaching ICT at School Reasons, Concerns and Solutions

Abstract Purpose Over the past few years, the significance of information and computer technologies has multiplied several times. New media has opened a pool of opportunities in every single field, increasing the pace of globalization and contributing to business development.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Teaching ICT at School: Reasons, Concerns and Solutions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Methods The given study is going to provide the themes that should be taught in ICT classes in schools so that students could be able to use the latest technologies to their advantage in studying, learn about the mechanism of their cognitive process and become lifelong learners. Results The introduction of the ICT principles into the education system will help teachers acquire new skills more efficiently. In the course of the research, an overview of the key ICT themes was done. Discussion The results have shown that, among the ICT themes that should be viewed as the school material, digital literacy, informational systems and human communication in ICT should be listed. Introduction: Nature of the Problem There is no secret that with the advent of information technologies, the landscape of communication, business and media has changed radically. Information technology has leaked into very single area and aspect of people’s lives, and it has become crucial to learn to use these changes to people’s advantage; for instance, ICT teaching can shed some light on mobile learning (El-Hussein Cronge, 2010). However, introducing ICT into the school curriculum is fraught with numerous difficulties. Statement of Purpose, Scope and General Method The purpose of the given paper is to define the themes of ICT that should be taught to students at school, as well as the methods for teaching the aforementioned themes. Seeing how the given topic is rather broad, the scope of the paper will concern the themes that can be taught to high school and college students. As for the research method, the principle of grounded theory is going to be used in order to design the basic patterns for teaching ICT. The principle of grounded theory is going to be the key method. Hypothesis Because of the opportunities in terms of technology and communication that ICT opens in front of teachers and students, it is most reasonable to use ICT as the means to accomplish such goals as the shift from an old to a relatively new teaching paradigm (EACEA, 2009, 14), more opportunities for teacher education (UNESCO, 2005, 55 55) and professional development (EACEA, 2009, 14), more efficient classroom management (EACEA, 2009, 14), better cooperation between schools (EACEA, 2009, 14) and availability of the necessary equipment (EACEA, 2009, 14). The given goals can be achieved by introducing such topics as research and e-awareness, communication, control and science, modeling and simulation and handling da ta.Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Methods As it has been stressed above, the principles of the grounded research were used in the course of defining the key ICT themes to be taught in schools. The key characteristics of a good ICT lesson are going to be defined and most reasonable and efficient strategies for teaching ICT are going to be distinguished. Finally, the challenges regarding ICT teaching at schools will be outlines, and basic means of addressing these challenges will be provided. Results Results and Original Hypothesis An efficient use of interactive materials is a good method of introducing students to the opportunities provided by the ICT, (Eurydice, 2011, 10). The given approach is crucial in that it allows for demonstrating students the benefits of the ICT in a very graphic way. More to the point, the given method helps students apply the acquired skills to pract ice immediately after these skills were learned, as it was done in Malaysian schools in 2002 (Chan, 2002, 2). The third option that teachers have in terms of methods of teaching ICT to students in schools is to utilize such strategies as project-based learning, personalized learning, individualized, or student-centered, learning, scientific investigations and online learning (Eurydice, 2011, 43). The given methods are equally important, since, though having seemingly different characteristics, they are all targeted at the same goal, i.e., developing students’ independence in the use of ICT. The issue regarding classroom management should also be brought up. As ESEA report says, classroom management process becomes considerably easier with the introduction of the ICT technologies, which allows both students and teachers to focus on the class activities and, therefore, creates the most appropriate learning and teaching environment. Trends Discussion ICT helps students in their meta-cognition process. Phelps and Graham’s study shows that the integration of ICT into meta-cognition process led to rather fruitful results in fourteen schools (Phelps Graham, 2008, 129). At certain points, the goals of ICT studying and meta-cognition cross – both are aimed at helping students recognize the necessity to engage in lifelong learning and choose the best method for self-learning. As Shannon (2008) put it, it is possible â€Å"to become a self-directed learner using metacognition† (Shannon, 2008, 14). Seeing how ICT allows for encouraging self-learning in students (Eurydice, 2011, 43), it seems reasonable to use meta-cognition strategies as the basis for teaching ICT in schools.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Teaching ICT at School: Reasons, Concerns and Solutions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, ICT clearly affects the teachers’ competence and profe ssionalism as well. ICT provides a plethora of opportunities for professional growth, including fast acquisition of new information, cooperation with other experts and availability of a number of training programs. The last but definitely not the least, such function of ICT as a better control over the technological aspect of the lesson helps teachers focus on the communication with students rather than managing equipment. Finally, more efficient time management is also an obvious advantage. Discussion It would be wrong to claim that there are no tangible problems concerning teaching ICT in schools. To start with, the changes to the curriculum that the inclusion of ICT classes demand is most likely trigger considerable organizational issues, especially regarding time management. According to the data provided above, in most cases, the introduction of the ICT studies came at the cost of other subjects. Therefore, when providing students with a chance to learn using the ICT technology , one must make the required changes to the curriculum and the rest of the classes. To solve the aforementioned issue, it will be most reasonable to apply the principle of online teaching mentioned above. The given approach allows for students to have a more flexible schedule and to choose the time management system that they prefer and that suits them best. Thus, the following themes must be presented in the ICT curriculum: Research and e-awareness; Communication; Control and science; Modeling and simulation; Handling data. Of all the themes mentioned above, the issue regarding research and e-awareness seems the most important one. It allows for both motivating students for learning more and becoming independent in their research. Therefore, the given theme must be the course priority. Conclusion With the advent of information and computing technologies, people’s social, personal and, most importantly, academic life has changed greatly. While the new options opened for stu dents seem rather alluring, including ICT into the school curriculum might be quite a problem.Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to avoid the possible issues, it is necessary to choose the strategy that will allow teachers to supervise students instead of babysitting them in their ICT exploration. Thus, students will have an opportunity to both learn to use ICT efficiently and to become lifelong learners. Reference List Chan, F. M. (2002). ICT in Malaysian schools: Policy and strategies. Web. EACEA (2009). Study of the impact of technology in primary schools. Web. El-Hussein, M. O. M., Cronje, J. C. (2010). Defining mobile learning in the higher education Landscape. Educational Technology Society, 13(3), 12–21. Eurydice (2011). Key Data on Learning and Innovation through ICT at School in Europe 2011. Web. Phelps, R. Graham, A. (2008). Developing technology together, together: A whole-school metacognitive approach to ICT teacher professional development. Journal of Computing in Teacher Education, 24(4), 125–133. UNESCO (2005). ICTs for secondary education. Web. This assessment on Teaching ICT at School: Reasons, Concerns and Solutions was written and submitted by user Aryana P. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Old School Hack

Old School Hack Old School Hack Old School Hack By Maeve Maddox Before computing added new meanings to the word hack, the meaning I associated most commonly with it was â€Å"a writer who churns out unimaginative writing for hire.† This use of the word hack derives from the horse rental industry. Hack is the shortened form of hackney, a word that entered English from French haquenà ©e, â€Å"a small horse suitable for ordinary riding.† In The Canterbury Tales (c.1368), Chaucer describes the Canon’s Yeoman as riding â€Å"a dapple-gray hackney.† From meaning a type of horse, hackney came to mean a rented horse. Because hired horses were overworked, hackney and hack came to mean any person employed in servile, tedious, and tiring work. As an adjective, hackney meant â€Å"worn out by indiscriminate or vulgar use.† One could speak of â€Å"a hackney proverb† or â€Å"a hackney plot.† In modern English, the adjective with this meaning is hackneyed: His [Dreiser’s] hackneyed and clichà ©d diction occurs frequently when he is not engaged in a form of indirect discourse, as in his description of the New York theatre district. By the 18th century, the noun hackney had been shortened to hack and could mean either â€Å"a hired horse† or â€Å"a hired carriage.† In the United States, hack is still used as a word for taxicab. By the 1770s, hack had taken on the meaning of â€Å"a literary drudge, who hires himself out to do any and every kind of literary work; hence, a poor writer, a mere scribbler.† It is still used with this sense by speakers who grew up before the word became associated with computing: There is hack fiction all over the best seller list so nothing new there. [James] Patterson belongs in his own category, reserved for the hacks committed to hacking every day. [Peter] Brown is a lesser hacker. Journalists have long been referred to as hacks because they must produce daily content on a variety of subjects. The application of the word hack to prolific, high-earning novelists scorned by literary critics has produced a backlash against the pejorative use of the word hack. Writing in The Guardian, David Barnett demands â€Å"Whats wrong with being a hack?† He reminds readers that literary giant Samuel Johnson declared â€Å"No man but a blockhead ever wrote, except for money.† Barnett sees nothing wrong with being â€Å"prolific, inventive, writing for a populist mass-market readership† and making money for it. Attempts to redefine hack as it applies to writers of fiction can only be wasted effort. The word has become too closely associated with computer use and new terminology is growing up to describe a new kind of writing: â€Å"Hacker journalists† are computer programmers who assume roles as journalists in order to affect social change. Unlike the traditional hack writer who writes only for monetary gain, â€Å"hacker journalists† pursue non-monetary rewards and seek personal fulfillment through moral interventionism. - â€Å"Muckraking in the Digital Age: Hacker Journalism and Cyber Activism in Legacy Media,† by Bret Schulte, and Stephanie Schulte, Mediac, The Journal of New Media and Culture, Volume 9, Issue 1) I guess we’ll just have to come up with a new term for â€Å"an unimaginative writer who will write any kind of drivel for money.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Handy Expressions About HandsLoan, Lend, Loaned, LentKn- Words in English

Biography of Isabella I, Queen of Spain

Biography of Isabella I, Queen of Spain Isabella I of Spain (April 22, 1451–November 26, 1504) was the queen of Castile and Leà ³n in her own right and, through marriage, became the queen of Aragon.  She  married Ferdinand II of Aragon, bringing the kingdoms together into what became Spain under the rule of her grandson Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor.  She sponsored Columbus voyages to the Americas and was known as  Isabel la Catolica, or Isabella the Catholic, for her role  in purifying the Roman Catholic faith by expelling Jews from her lands and defeating the Moors. Fast Facts: Queen Isabella Known For: Queen of Castile, Leà ³n, and Aragon (became Spain)Also Known As: Isabella the CatholicBorn: April 22, 1451 in Madrigal de las Altas Torres,  CastileParents: King John II of Castile, Isabella of PortugalDied: Nov. 26, 1504 in Medina del Campo, SpainSpouse: Ferdinand II of AragonChildren: Joanna of Castile, Catherine of Aragon, Isabella of Aragon, Maria of Aragon, and John, Prince of Asturias Early Life At her birth on April 22, 1451, Isabella was second in the line of succession to her father, King John II of Castile, following her older half-brother Henry.  She became third in line when her brother Alfonso was born in 1453. Her mother was  Isabella of Portugal, whose father was a son of King John I of Portugal and whose mother was a granddaughter of the same king.  Her fathers father was Henry III of Castile, and his mother was Catherine of Lancaster, the daughter of John of Gaunt (third son of Englands Edward III) and Johns second wife, the Infanta Constance of Castile. Isabellas half-brother became Henry IV, king of Castile, when their father, John II, died in 1454 when Isabella was 3. Isabella was raised by her mother until 1457, when the two children were brought to court by Henry to keep them from being used by opposition nobles. Isabella was well educated.  Her tutors included Beatriz Galindo, a professor at the University at Salamanca in philosophy, rhetoric, and medicine. Succession Henrys first marriage ended in divorce and without children. When his second wife, Joan of Portugal,  gave birth to daughter Juana in 1462, the opposition nobles  claimed that Juana was the daughter of Beltran de la Cueva, duke of Albuquerque. Thus, shes known in history as Juana la Beltraneja. The oppositions attempt to replace Henry with Alfonso failed, with the final defeat coming in July 1468 when Alfonso died of suspected poisoning. historians, however, consider it more likely he succumbed to the plague. He had named Isabella his successor. Isabella was offered the crown by the nobles but she refused, probably because she didnt believe she could maintain that claim in opposition to Henry.  Henry was willing to compromise with the nobles and accept Isabella as his heiress. Marriage Isabella married Ferdinand of Aragon, a second cousin, in October 1469 without Henrys approval. The cardinal of Valentia, Rodrigo Borgia (later Pope Alexander VI), helped Isabel and Ferdinand obtain the necessary papal dispensation, but the couple still had to resort to pretenses and disguises to carry out the ceremony in Valladolid.  Henry withdrew his recognition and named Juana as his heir.  At Henrys death in 1474, a war of succession ensued, with Alfonso V of Portugal, prospective husband of Isabellas rival Juana, supporting Juanas claims. The dispute was settled in 1479 with Isabella recognized as Queen of Castile. Ferdinand by this time had become King of Aragon, and the two ruled both realms with equal authority, unifying Spain. Among their first acts were various reforms to reduce the power of the nobility and increase the power of the crown. After her marriage, Isabella appointed Galindo as tutor to her children. Galindo founded hospitals and schools in Spain, including the Hospital of the Holy Cross in Madrid, and probably served as an adviser to Isabella after she became queen. Catholic Monarchs In 1480, Isabella and Ferdinand instituted the Inquisition in Spain, one of many changes to the role of the church instituted by the monarchs. The Inquisition was aimed mostly at Jews and Muslims who had overtly converted to Christianity but were thought to be practicing their faiths secretly. They were seen as heretics who rejected Roman Catholic orthodoxy. Ferdinand and Isabella were given the title the Catholic monarchs by  Pope Alexander VI in recognition of their role in purifying the faith. Among Isabellas other religious pursuits, she took a special interest in the Poor Clares. an order of nuns. Isabella and Ferdinand planned to unify all of Spain by continuing a long-standing but stalled effort to expel the Moors, Muslims who held parts of Spain. In 1492, the Muslim Kingdom of Granada fell to Isabella and Ferdinand, thus completing the Reconquista. That same year, Isabella and Ferdinand issued an edict expelling all Jews in Spain who refused to convert to Christianity. New World Also in 1492, Christopher Columbus convinced Isabella to sponsor his first voyage of exploration. By the traditions of the time, when Columbus was the first European to encounter lands in the New World, these lands were given to Castile. Isabella took a special interest in the Native Americans of the new lands. When some were brought back to Spain as slaves, she insisted they be returned and freed, and her will expressed her wish that the Indians be treated with justice and fairness. Death and Legacy By her death on Nov. 26, 1504, Isabellas sons, grandsons, and her older daughter Isabella, queen of Portugal, had already died, leaving as Isabellas only heir Mad Joan Juana, who became queen of Castile in 1504 and of Aragon in 1516. Isabella was a patron of scholars and artists, establishing educational institutions and building a large collection of artwork. She learned Latin as an adult and was widely read, and she educated her daughters as well as her sons. The youngest daughter, Catherine of Aragon, became the first wife of Henry VIII of England and mother of Mary I of England. Isabellas will, the only writing that she left, summarizes what she thought were her reigns achievements as well as her wishes for the future. In 1958, the Roman Catholic church began the process to canonize Isabella.  After an exhaustive investigation, the commission appointed by the church determined that she had a reputation of sanctity and was inspired by Christian values. In 1974, she was recognized with the title Servant of God by the Vatican, a step in the process of canonization. Sources Isabella I: Queen of Spain. Encyclopedia Brittanica.Isabella I. Encyclopedia.com.

Sex and Violence in Popular Culture Research Paper

Sex and Violence in Popular Culture - Research Paper Example The paper focuses on the influence of popular culture on the controversial societal issues like sex and violence. Before going on the discussion, the terms sex, violence and popular culture will be defined first as the meanings contribute to the understanding of the subject matter. Sex is usually equaled to gender as they are interchangeably used in everyday conversations. In reality, sex and gender are different. The former relates to physiological characteristic as the latter is a social concept. Sex is also an act that shows physical contact for procreation. Gender depends upon sets of social norms affected by culture and tradition that set apart males from females (Wilson 1-2). The other term to define is violence. Violence responds to conflict as harm is afflicted physically, emotionally or mentally on other people as a result of human action. Violence includes social injustices such as racism and poverty (Daoust 290). Both of them are linked to popular culture. Popular culture deals with the everyday living of people as the theme reflects the lives of the common people (Browne 5). The study deals with the negative effects of the prevailing images shown by the popular culture to the increasing cases of sex and violence as the two societal problems occur in the recent years in response to what the majority people believe. As people throughout their lives seek for learning about the world and its meanings, interactions happen as the humans in the society share experiences. People have roles to play in their lives as the society dictates as standards and acceptable behavior. The roles do not have strict and rigid boundaries as people can have various roles that show flexibility. People can take charge of their lives and choose particular roles to play. Play is important in socialization and building of the personalities of people as personalities affect the roles that people play. In terms of personality traits, the gender is also affected. Nowadays the avail ability of television programs and video games are widely used by people for information and relaxation. Such popular media affect the roles of women as the video games portray women maintaining beauty and men protecting women even with the use of violence (Dietz 425-426). The portrayals in videogames become very blatant as more people, the young and the old make use of the high technology games for their relaxation. Video games pose hazards in the view and existence of sex and violence as they portray women as sex objects and men as aggressive in nature. The games also show some gender inequality as women are underrepresented in games according to several video game magazines used in the studies done by Dill and Thill. Both the magazines and the games featured there make use of stereotypes in portraying masculinity and femininity like scanty clothes for female characters and brutal weapons for male characters (Dill and Thill 858-859). Stereotypes generalize the categories for showi ng what men and women must be and what they must be not. In reality, it would be impossible to make use of those stereotypes as people are different from one another. Violence and sex were also seen in a particular videogame called Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas as the protagonist or the controllable in-game character is an African-American who encounters racism, violence, sex and all other societal problems on his way home. Black males were

Assignment 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignment 3 - Essay Example For many barriers of communication to be avoided, members ought to hold mediated meetings in order to resolve their differences and map the way forward to success. If the group faces innumerable conflicts, the first resolution should be allowing everyone to participate fully in deliberation proceedings. Leaders ought to advise members to listen to each other’s point of view on the topic under discussion. Through this, every member feels appreciated, and they work harder, towards the success of the group. Secondly, members should appreciate, be respectful and aim at creating a healthy relationship with other group members, their opinions notwithstanding. When members set up such a mood, everyone feels appreciated and respected. This boosts the morale of every member, enhancing teamwork and self-esteem (Stern, 2003). Thus, everyone feels welcome to produce viewpoints in group deliberations and discussions. This behavior results into positive success in all the activities of the group. Finally, members should propose solutions to crises, in the course of operations of the group. This method, known as brainstorming, aims at uniting them to a common bottom-line. After proposals to the solution of group issues, members should arrive at a reasonable, fair and plausible agreement. This agreement automatically benefits the entire group. The combined efforts of the members are more immense than proposals of a single member of the group. Therefore, cohesion helps to resolve many

Thomson Highways The Rez Sisters Essay -- Thomson Highway Rez Sisters

Thomson Highway's The Rez Sisters Works Cited Not Included The play The Rez Sisters is written by one of Canada's most celebrated playwrights, Tomson Highway. Highway was born in 1951 in northwestern Manitoba. He went on to study at the University of Manitoba and graduated from the University of Western Ontario, with honors in Music and English. Native Literature is inspired by 'contemporary social problems facing native Canadians today; alcohol and drug abuse, suicide, wife battering, family violence, the racism of the justice system, loneliness, rejection, youth awareness, as well as modern-day environmental issues.';(P. 172 Native Literature in Canada.) Highway once said, 'We grew up with myths. They're the core of our identity as people.';(P. 172 Native Literature in Canada.) I am going to focus on the image and identity of Native people as seen through the play The Rez Sisters. Identity is 'how you view yourself and your life.'; (p. 12 Knots in a String.) Your identity helps you determine where you think you fit in, in your life. It is 'a rich complexity of images, ideas and associations.';(p. 12 Knots in a String.) It is given that as we go through our lives and encounter different experiences our identity of yourselves and where we belong may change. As this happens we may gain or relinquish new values and from this identity and image our influenced. 'A bad self-image and low self-esteem may form part of identity?but often the cause is not a loss of identity itself so much as a loss of belonging.'; Social psychologists suggest that identity is closely related to our culture. Native people today have been faced with this challenge against their identity as they are increasingly faced with a non-native society. I will prove that the play The Rez Sisters showed this loss of identity and loss of belonging. When a native person leaves the reservation to go and start a new life in a city they are forced to adapt to a lifestyle they are not accustomed to. They do not feel as though they fit in or belong to any particular culture. They are faced with extreme racism and stereotypes from other people in the nonreservational society. 'The Rez Sisters won the Dora Mavor Moore award for the best play in 1986-87 and later went on to earn extravagant praise at the Edinburgh Festival.'; (P. 172 Native Literature in Canada.) The play is full of comedy, trag... ...rs, '?was one of the most toughing exuberant, cleverly crafted and utterly entrancing plays?';(Cover The Rez Sisters.) Tomson Highway did a great job at giving the reader an idea of what reserve life is about. He gave us the opportunity to experience the hardships of native people and some insight to how they form their identity.   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After reading this wonderfully written play I do believe that our culture plays a very important role in how we as people form our identity and determines where we feel we belong. Nanabush had a great deal to do with the women keeping their current identities and since of belonging. I feel that if we believe in a spirit and surrender or lives to them they will take care of us just as Nanabush did in this play. We all need to belong somewhere and feel comfort in our lives. We as human beings need to open our eyes and see we can all belong together and live in one society without dropping our culture but before this can happen we need to end racism and stereotyping. These are the two main factors that push people, more commonly native people, into the loss of belonging the loss of their culture and the loss of the core of their identity.

Business Culture and Strategy

Student name: Course title: Business culture and strategy SCN: Outcome No. 1-5 Group: Access name: Report for Business Cultural & Strategy of J D Wetherspoon company Date: Content I. Introduction 2 II. Discussion 2 Section 1 External Environment 2 SPELT analysis2 SWOT analysis 4 The management use on how to conduct a SWOT analysis5 Section 2 Organization culture6 Business culture: shared values & taken for granted assumption 6 Four types for organization culture7 Culture influences organization behavior 8 Another organization culture for J D Wetherspoon 9 Section 3 Business Strategy9 Business strategy definition and types10Business strategy for J D Wetherspoon and benefits 11 Compare two different strategies how to affect the behaviors12 Some factors changing business strategy 13 Business strategy and strategic choice14 The key issues had to take account in order to manage the strategy15 Section 4 change16 Use forces for change analyze the change reason16 Choose one factors and defin ition 17 The effective management role for change18 The advice to help the company analysis the change19 III. Conclusion 20 IV. Recommendation 20 V. Reference 21 I. Introduction This repot will discuss the business culture and strategy of the JD Wetherspoon.At first, the changes in the external environment which J D Wetherspoon has faced since it was found in 1979 are analyzed. The second is clear the relationship between organization culture and organization behavior. The third is that compare and definition clearly the strategies of the company so that they can use to deal with the change in the future and how management can cope with change will be advised as follow. II. Discussion Section 1: External environment 1. The examples of social, technological, economic, political and legal factors which have affected the way the organization has behaved. Socio-cultural factor The higher style will increase the demand of the drinking. In 1980s, many people wanted to have a quite place f or family gather and friends playing or conversation. This changing brought considerable opportunities to pubs development (Quain, 2009). ?The kinds of public entertainment places are limited. The monotone restaurant can not following the step of new age. This is also a good opportunity for pubs development (Quain, 2009). Political factor ?The government policy not encourages the pubs. The government not encourages the pubs so that the purchase approaches decreased and the price increased (Quain, 2009). The government prohibits drinking for particular crowd. The government release policy that prohibits drinking for particular crowd such as teenager and driver so that the customers of pubs are obvious reduce (Quain, 2009). Economic factor ?The supplier increase usually affects the customer quantity. During 2002-2004, supermarkets began selling drinks at loss-leader prices and the premium larger which brought affect for the sale price and the market of the pubs (Quain, 2009). ?The mar ket appears to be over-supplied. The retail licensing market had adapted to the changes in the ‘tied house’ ystem and other retail pub chains had been developing their business. Then the market appears to be over-supplied (Quain, 2009). Legal factor ?A legal born will change pubs situation. The traditional link between the brewing companies and pubs known as the ‘tie house’ system had been cut by beer order in 1989. Pubs acquired a good change (Quain, 2009). ?The ruling from the Monopolies and Mergers Commission. Because the ruling from the Monopolies and Mergers Commission which severely limited the number of pubs which a brewer could operate, this is also a capitally changes in the pubs market (Quain, 2009). Technological factor The different provide is always a determination to win the market. Pubs have a ventilation system to ensure that the customer can not smell the smoke and adapted toilet for any customer even the disabilities (Quain, 2009). ?Improv e the beverage alcohol to suitable the market. In 2004, the pubs reduce the amount of alcohol in its cocktail pitchers and create the new product which is beverage with alcohol. This is a better way to developing the pubs well (Quain, 2009). 2. Using a SWOT analysis to explain the relationship between JD Wetherspoon and the environment it is facing during the early years of the 21st century.Strength ?People are its best asset The flexible training and the high treatment for stuff is also provide many opportunities so that they are build a sense of loyalty (Wetherspoon, 2009). ?The better product quality The pubs of J D Wetherspoon sell a wide range of real ale beers at relatively low price and good quality wine. This is achieved the customer satisfaction (Wetherspoon, 2009). Weakness ?Single product can not satisfied more customer The pubs only offer the drink and beverage, but the other pubs have some list for breakfast or dinner. Then many customers had to choice the other pubs (W etherspoon, 2009). No music and no TV show JD Wetherspoon pubs did not show World Cup football and sales suffered as a result in 2002. And there are also no music player be offered. This situation leads to many customers choice the other pubs (Wetherspoon, 2009). Opportunity ?Merge the Lloyds pubs and acquire their management advantage In 2000, it acquire the Lloyds pub chain consisting of 10 pubs so that the JD Wetherspoon acquire many different menu from it and this action as a stronger entertainment element bring a bigger market to the pubs (Wetherspoon, 2009). Enter into a new industry development JD Wetherspoon began to developing budget hotel accommodation known as ‘Wetherlodges’ which have bar facilities attached to them. This is a new opportunity to develop JD Wetherspoon and accumulate competition advantage (Wetherspoon, 2009). Threat ?The supplier for customer increase During 2002-2004, supermarkets began selling drinks at loss-leader prices and the premium la rger which brought negative influences to JD Wetherspoon in the intensified competition (Wetherspoon, 2009). ?The market appears to be over-supplied.The overall result has been an increase in the number of pubs, and then the JD wertherspoon must suitable the over-supplied market (Wetherspoon, 2009). 3. Prepare a set of guidelines that the management of JD Wetherspoon should use on how to conduct a SWOT analysis such as one you have just undertaken. Use the perfect staff management as strength to catch the opportunity and avoid the threat is most important in the management. ?To avoid threat influence ?Threat In this case, the retail market had adapted to the changes in the 21st century so that many pubs are appearance which result the over-supplied market.At the same time the supermarket began selling drinking and has a low price make more and more people drinking at home. Then, there was increasing public and government concern about binge drinking that not encourages the pubs. ?Us e strength to avoid Under the pubs market suffers a big shock, the company uses the perfect staff management to affect that the sales and the profit growth have also slowed down and the share price in the stock market is also fall. ?To catch the opportunityThen under the perfect staff management, the company review the operations and change the weakness so that it acquire the Lloyds pubs in 2000, at the same time the company use the stronger strength to catch the opportunity that they began to developing budget hotel accommodation known as ‘Wetherlodges’ which have bar facilities attached to them. The company acquires the Lloyds NO 1 bar concept in the hotel and developing the pubs at the same time so that the company can suitable the market changing. Therefore, the company can development well and catch more profit from two different fields.Section 2: Organization culture 1. Explain the organization culture in JD Wetherspoon in terms of ‘shared values’ and ‘taken for granted assumptions’ in an organization. You should illustrate your explanation with ONE example of each element from the case study. For each example, you should say why it illustrates this aspect of organizational culture. ?Share values People are best asset is shared value in J D Wetherspoon. In JD Wetherspoon, the staff involvement and communication is a good shared value. They kept in touch with weekly newsletters, a monthly company video and by publicizing the minutes of Board meetings.The company has a great importance on the listening to and acting on and feedback from members of staff on all aspects of the business. Staffs can discuss the issues which are provide in Board meeting and are rewarded for their good suggestions. Each staff is like the manager has a common goal, so all the members in the company are work hard to achieve the share value. ?Take for granted assumptions Moon under water is an assumption for J D Wetherspoon. In JD Wetherspoons , they do not play music or show TV programmes to keep silence.And at least a quarter of the space in each establishment is non-smoking, and it has each as a ventilation system which aims to ensure that customers do not leave smelling of smoke. As the company motto is ‘cleanliness, beer, services and maintenance’, all the activity is order to ensure that the members of the company suitable the organization culture intangible and create a new style of pubs to bring their customers more satisfactions. 2. Explain the type of culture that JD Wetherspoon has, using a recognized model of organizational culture. Give examples to justify why you have chosen this type of culture.According to Charles Handy’s theory, there are four types of organizational cultures which are separately power culture, role culture, task culture, and person culture. In this case study, JD Wetherspoon has the power culture. ?Power culture It is fairly common, particularly in economies that are growing and rely heavily on the smaller organizations to provide the economic foundation. (SQA, 2004) ? The reason to choice this culture is definite explain as follow In this case, the JD Wetherspoon has a focal person who the founder is named Tim Martin, when the company was a small organization.He is the key to sits in the whole organization centre, surrounded by ever widening circles of intimates and influence. Tim Martin had all the powers and made all the decisions and his personal business views, philosophy and values formed the company’s organizational culture. His imaginary pub called ‘Moon under Water’, he want to offered cheap beer, good conversation and solid architecture. As a result, the company motto of J D Wetherspoon is ‘cleanliness, beer, service and maintenance’. Therefore, the destiny of the company was largely dependent on Tim Martin’s personal capability as the power culture characteristics. . Using the type of culture yo u identified in part 2 above, what is the relationship between organizational culture and organizational behavior in JD Wetherspoon. Power culture always has a direct impact on organizational behavior. The destiny of the company was largely dependent on Tim Martin’s personal capability as the power culture characteristics as follow. ?The pub called ‘Moon under Water’ by Tim Martin willingness With the power culture, the pubs sell good quality wine and real ale beer at relatively low price, and do not play music or show TV programmes to keep silence. ?J D Wetherspoon had a policy of expansionWith the culture, all the atmosphere and facilities of the pubs must be provided by Tim Martin’s required. ?Tim Martin said the ‘People are best asset’ With power culture, the company makes the staff involvement and communication. Staffs can discuss the issues which are provided in Board meetings. ?The staff belief of the power person With this culture, he had all the powers and made all the decision. There were 95% of staff were happy to support the Martin’s decision in the pubs. Then, the relationship between organizational culture and organizational behavior is consistency 4.To what extent would the management approach in JD Wetherspoon be different if the company had adopted a different culture? Again, make use of the same model that you used in part 2 above. If the JD Wetherspoon had adapted to the task culture the management approach will be different as follow: BehaviorsPower cultureTask culture Power controlTim Martin had all the powers and made all the decisions. Team owned the autonomy and decision-making power. There is a high risk to make a bad decision. Resource allocationAll members of the organization use the common resource to operate.Equipped with resources reasonable to each team so that the resource lack. Business goals achievementTim Martin personal business views affected all the staff. Each team leader has a different business views and required for the pubs operate. Staff willingnessThey are co-ordinate well and have a common willingness such as 95% were happy for the pubs to be used in Martin’s ‘No’ campaign. They are co-ordinate only present in each team, and each team has a different willingness. Each team like an independent organization not includes all the staff in the company. Section3: Business strategy . Briefly explain four possible strategies which organization may adopt. In each case, indicate the environment which would be appropriate for the strategy concerned. Strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over the long-term: which achieves advantage for the organization through its configuration of resources within a challenging environment, to meet the needs of markets and to fulfill stakeholder expectations which include: Overall Low-Cost Provider Strategies, Broad Differentiation strategy, Best-cost Provider Strategies and Focus strateg y (Chen, 2009). Overall Low-Cost Provider Strategies Overall Low-cost provider strategies are make achievement of meaningful lower costs than rivals the theme of firm’s strategy which in the pubs industry. And the important is that find approaches to achieve a cost advantage in ways difficult for rivals to copy or match. And the low-cost leadership means low overall costs, not just low manufacturing or production costs. ?The external environment to use this strategy:When the market price competition is vigorous and product is standardized or readily available from many suppliers or there are few ways to achieve differentiation and the buyers are large and have significant bargaining power (Chen, 2009). ?Broad Differentiation strategy Broad Differentiation strategy is find ways to differentiate that create value for buyers and are not easily matched or cheaply copied by rivals, and not spending more to achieve differentiation than the price premium that can be charged. ?The ex ternal environment to use this strategy:Need to value and please customers when buyer needs and uses are diverse. At the same time, few rivals are following a similar differentiation approach and technological change and product innovation is fast-paced (Chen, 2009). ?Best-cost Provider Strategies Best-cost Provider Strategies are combining a strategic emphasis on low-cost with a strategic emphasis on differentiation. Under this strategy, company makes an upscale product at a lower cost to give customers more value for the money. ?The external environment to use this strategy: It need to the company have a large scale and high hard operating with a long ime. And the decision maker have a clearly strategy mind to achieve the objectives (Chen, 2009). ?Focus Strategy Focus strategy involve concentrated attention on a narrow piece of the total market and choose a market niche where buyers have distinctive preferences, special requirements, or unique needs to develop unique capabilities to serve needs of target buyer segment. ?The external environment to use this strategy: It has a geographic uniqueness and specialized requirements in using product or service, or when the company only need to special product attributes to appeal niche buyers (Chen, 2009). 2.Which strategy did J D Wetherspoon appear to be following during the 1980s and 1990s? Justify your decision and identify four benefits that J D Wetherspoon gained from this strategy. During the 1980s and 1990s J D Wetherspoon adopted the broad differentiation strategy. Justify this decision Through external environment analysis when J D Wetherspoon entered into the pubs market, people’s consideration has changed from drinking to socializing when they go to pubs. ?In order to suitable to this change, it developed unique social-bars to satisfy the changing of customers’ needs which include do not play music or show TV programs. Each pub has a ventilation system which aims to ensure that customers do not leave smelling of smoke and the pubs also pay attention to the toilets even for customer with disabilities. Due to the internal analysis is that there is a unique and perfect people policy which people is best asset. So this is a broad differentiation strategy. Identify four benefits The benefits that JD Wetherspoon gained from this strategy as follows: ? This strategy brought JD Wetherspoon an opportunity to quickly expand itself in the pubs market.In 1992, JD Wetherspoon only consisted of a chain of 44 pubs, while it now has more than 700 pubs. ?Large number of customers brought large amount of cash flows and over 50% of the finance for the new developments came from the cash generated by the business. ?Improve the market value in a period. In 2002, about 10 years after flotation, its share price rose to more than ten times its original value. ?It makes the company have a large competition advantage. It successfully attracted large numbers of customers to set up themselves bra nd and customer loyalty. . J D Wetherspoon seems to be following a different strategy during the 21st century from the cone that it adopted during the 1980s and 1990s. Compare two different strategies with respect to the influence that each had on the behaviour of the organization. J D Wetherspoon has a different strategy during the 21st century and during the 1980s and 1990s. The difference will be compared as follow: Different strategies will lead to different management styles. ChangesOld strategy (During the 1980s and 1990s)New strategy (the 21st century)Broad Differentiation strategyFocus Differentiation strategy Organization Behaviors ?They sell real ale beers and good quality wine. ?They do not play music or show TV programmers. ?All day serve food provide and sold cheap prices ?Removed price incentives to drink larger measures of spirits and reduced the amount of alcohol. ?Some pubs now show televised football. ?Serve breakfast and open earlier in the morning before normal l icensing hours begin at 11:00 a. m. 4. Assess the factors that J D Wetherspoon had to consider when changing its business strategy.According to analysis the JD Wetherspoon growth, it had to change the strategy to suitable the market when it faces the factors as follow. ?Socio-cultural factor ?The people’s willingness is increasing With the society developing, the new style is instead of the old style entertainment places. The monotone restaurant can not following the step of new age. ?Political factor ?The government policy control There was increasing government concern about binge drinking. Pubs cannot be seen to be encouraging this state of affairs as it brings them bad publicity. ?Economic factor The supplier increase During 2002-2004, supermarkets began selling drinks at loss-leader prices and the premium larger. This made it difficult for pubs to compete on price and encouraged drinking at home. ?The market appears to be over-supplied. The overall result has been an inc rease in the number of pubs, and then the market appears to be over-supplied. ?Weakness ?Single provide can not satisfied customer The pubs only offer the drink and beverage, but the other pubs have some list for breakfast or dinner. JD Wetherspoon pubs did not show TV program and play music. 5.Explain how the experience of J D Wetherspoon illustrates the connection between the terms business strategy and strategic choice. The business strategy is including: Overall Low-Cost Provider Strategies, Broad Differentiation strategy, Best-cost Provider Strategies and Focus strategy. But the JD Wertherspoon is choice the focus differentiation strategy in 21st century. And why the company choice this strategy is clearly as follow: External factors ?The government policy limited the pubs development There was increasing government concern about binge drinking and pubs cannot be seen to be encouraging.It must be change the strategy that it removed price incentives to drink larger measures of s pirits and reduced the amount of alcohol in its cocktail pitchers in 2004. ?The supplier increase affect the competition During 2002-2004, supermarkets began selling drinks at loss-leader prices and the premium larger. Then the company competition position was reduced so that the strategy needs to change. Most pubs now have a dedicated family dining area where children and adults can eat together. Internal factors ?Single provide can not satisfied customer The pubs only offer the drink, but the other pubs have some list for breakfast or dinner.Then the strategy must be changed that pubs now serve breakfast and open earlier in the morning before normal licensing hours begin at 11. 00 a. m. ?No TV program and no music can not follow the market JD Wetherspoon pubs did not show World Cup football and sales suffered as a result in 2002. And there are also no music player be offered. Then the company needs to choice the new strategy to attract the customers. So in 2004 the pubs start to s how televised football. 6. Describe the key issues that J D Wetherspoon has had to take account of in order to manage its business strategy.With many factors change the business strategy must be change to ensure that the JD Wertherspoon can suitable the market and win the competition. There are two key issues that it has had to take account of such as: ? Clear the objective In order to complete the new strategy perfect, it need to the company have a large scale and high hard operating with a long time and the decision maker must have a clearly strategy mind. ?Avoid risk The company must pay attention to the below points: a best –cost provider may get squzzed between strategies of firms using low-cost and differentiation strategies.And low-cost leaders may be able to siphon customers away with a lower price. And high-end differentiators may be able to steal customers away with better product attributes. Section 4: Change 1. With reference to ‘force for change’, ex plain why the strategy of JD Wetherspoon changed over time. The aspects of force for change theory include customer expectations, technology, competition, legislation, economy. The reason for the strategy changed over time is described as follow: ? Customer expectations In 1980s, people’s consideration changed a lot and many people wanted to have a quite suitable place.So this changing brought considerable opportunities to JD Wetherspoon development. But in the 21st century more and more people hobby to drinking at home or require a higher place to satisfy themselves. Then the strategy must be change to gain the demand and attract more customers. ?Technological factor Binge drinking had brought some anti-social behaviors, the pubs are not encouraged by government. The JD Wetherspoon had to reduce the amount of alcohol in its cocktail pitchers. And improve the promotion so that the profit is decrease a lot. Competition By the start of the 21st century, JD Wertherspoon was faci ng much more competition, then the market now appears to be over-supplied. The JD Wetherspoon pubs did not play music and no TV programmer leads to many customers choice the other pubs which have showed the televised football. ?Legislation According the ruling from the Monopolies and Mergers Commission which severely limited the number of pubs which a brewer could operate, JD Wetherspoon acquired a better opportunity as a retailer entering into the pub market. ?EconomyDuring 2002-2004, supermarkets began selling drinks at loss-leader prices and the premium larger. This made it difficult for pubs to compete on price and encouraged drinking at home, which brought change for the sale price and the market of the JD Wetherspoon. Therefore, the strategy must be changed over time to catch the opportunity and avoid the threat to ensure that the company can own the competition advantage to run well in the market. 2. Choose ONE of the following: stakeholder power; business goals; organization culture; business ethics; social responsibility.Explain how the factor you have chosen could lead to change in JD Wetherspoon. Organization culture leads to change in JD Wertherspoon. ?Reason for chose The culture of the organization is created by organization members behave toward each other and approach their work. But the organization can not exist well then the culture will be not keeping balance so that the current culture can not be maintained. So the company needs to change in the future. ?Reason to lead to change In this case, Tim Martin as the founder of JD Wertherspoon has been working on twenty five years since 2004.But Tim Martin gave up day-to-day control in 2004 to become non-executive chairman working two days a week. With the power culture, he was the key to sits in the whole organization centre and had all the powers and made all the decisions and his personal business views, philosophy and values formed the company’s organizational culture. To this power cu lture, if the center of the company changed the culture may be faced influence. At the same time the JD Wertherspoon faced a lot of problems and market competitors lead to the operating income maintain down fast.Therefore, with the destabilization culture, the strategy must be changed to ensure that the company suitable the market well and acquire more competitor advantage to win the competition. 3. Explain the role that the management of JDW could play in dealing with the changes that have occurred during the period since the year 2000. According to the research the management has five roles to be played in the company, which is including director, expertise, negotiator, educator and participator. Management role is to decide on and implement a suitable change strategy.In the case study, the management roles of JD Wertherspoon seemed includes director, educator and participator. ?Director role Managers of JD Wetherspoon can use all the powers to impose changes and make a decision, which would help JD Wetherspoon quickly implement the changes and reduce the change risks. ?Educator role The management educates the staff to know ‘involvement and communication’. It is a good example to help them understand and accept the changes. The suitable education is always motivating the staff and improves their power use to face change. ?Participator roleParticipator role is that the manager gives staff chance to discuss the issues which refer from the board meeting. So it can help the mangers better implement the changes and help the employees of JD Wetherspoon know how to resist the change. The three roles are also continued to affect the future of JD Wetherspoon. 4. What advice would give to the management of JD Wetherspoon to help them analyze a change situation and to overcome any resistance to change. Use Lewin’s Change Model (Chen, 2009) to analyze the change situation is advised to the management of JD Wetherspoon.There are three steps to analyz e change situation and to overcome any resistance to change are as follow: ? Unfreezing The company must create a sense of need for the change, and establishes sense of urgency in the members of the JD Wetherspoon. Due to many competitors had been come into the pubs market, the management of the JD Wetherspoon need to acquire the experience from guiding coalition. At the same time, the company needs to create a vision and communicate the vision with the staff to minimizing resistance to the change. ?ChangingWhen the changing is occurred in people, tasks, structure, and technology, the manager need to empower people to act on vision and create ‘short-term’ wins and consolidates improvements to produce further change in the end. ?Reinforcing When the changing is end, the company need to reinforcing the change and judging success to modifications so that look for some new institutionalize approaches III. Conclusion The changes in the external environment which J D Wethersp oon has faced since it was found in 1979 have analyzed and the relationship between organization culture and organization behavior are considered clearly.The report also evaluates the business strategies which J D Wetherspoon adopted during the period covered by the case study. Many strategies have been compared clearly and specifically, combined with the strategies to deal with the change of the company and consider how management can cope with change. IV. Recommendation Due to the change of the pubs industry, the recommendation for the JD Wetherspoon is that use short time to investigation what is the market need and use the strategy to plan to change the company, but need to ensure that the people policy is continue.And analysis the competition advantage of the other pubs and hotel to combine the management of two industries to create the new strategy to make differentiation. V. Reference David Quain red. ts Ltd (2009), â€Å"challenges and opportunities†, Available: http: //www. red-ts. com (Accessed: 2009) J D Wetherspoon (2009), â€Å"Discover JD†, Available: http://www. jdwetherspoon. co. uk (Accessed: 2009) Scottish Qualifications Authority (2004), Business Culture and Strategy: An Introduction, China Modern Economic Publishing House Chen, Jing (2009), Business Culture and Strategy: An Introduction, PowerPoint

Itm533 It Project, Logistics, and Contract Management

ITM533 IT Project, Logistics, and Contract Management Summer 07 Module 1 Case Assignment Dr. Kathleen Hargiss Project management is definitely more art than science. Project teams consist of people and no two people, personalities, or skill sets are the same. This is the project manager’s blessing and curse. Given the 14 Key Principles for Project Management Success (Greer 1999), no two project managers will interpret these principles the same, nor will they execute their duties with equal skill. I will demonstrate the art of project management as I step through these 14 Key Principles. Project managers must focus on three dimensions of project success. With these three dimensions including time, budget, and quality we imply†¦show more content†¦flag may well get fired. It is likely however, they find themselves rewarded with a hefty bonus for saving the organization thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of dollars. This is the art of fortitude. Project managers must fight for time to do things right. The project manager is the gatekeeper ensuring that his team has adequate time to complete the tasks at hand without secondary diversions. The project manager understands the intricacies of reporting to several bosses at one time. As gatekeeper, the project manager communicates the need for time dedicated exclusively to the project and without interruption. Again we see the art of communication and persuasion at work. (Kondo, 2007) Project manager responsibility must be matched by equivalent authority. When a project manager does not have the authority to make decisions then he is not the project manager. The person holding the authority must trust the project manager’s competence to make sound decisions in the interest of the organization. A project manager who fails to make decisions when granted the authority to do so will likely fail. When a project manager is given the responsibility for the project successfully executes the equivalent authority, this is the art of leadership. Project sponsors and stakeholders must be active p articipants, not passive customers. If these individuals truly care about the final outcome of the project, their involvement in